lockdown a website, password protect

[S Ahmed]

Before I launch my website, I want to be able to test it live in production
but don't want anyone else to view it.

Would it be possible to lock down the website except for the main page, all
other pages require me to enter a password to view it?

I can do this many ways (by limited ip address etc), but I was wondering if
there was a simple way to do it via nginx somehow which would save me the
work.

I've seen some very crude types of authentication where you get this ugly
popup and you enter the password and you can view the site.

I believe it was using the web server to do this.

Possible?
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